Addressing Russia’s hybrid warfare against Europe: Interfering and deceiving tactics in the “gray area.”

The NATO and EU are currently collaborating on strategies to counteract Russia’s GPS system jamming targeting civilian aircrafts. But, how does GPS jamming work? And which other “grey zone” tactics have Moscow implemented in Europe?

Source: http://www.euronews.com/2025/09/05/tackling-russias-hybrid-war-on-europe-jamming-and-spoofing-in-the-grey-zone