According to a recent study, the advantages of using medications for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are greater than the negative effects of increased blood pressure and heart rate. Conducted by an international research team led by scientists from the University of Southampton, the study found that the majority of children who take ADHD medication experience slight increases in blood pressure and pulse, but the medications overall have “small effects.” The lead author, Professor Samuele Cortese, stated that while the risks and benefits of any medication must be evaluated together, the risk-benefit ratio for ADHD drugs is “reassuring.” He explained that there is a small rise in blood pressure and heart rate for most children taking ADHD medications, while other studies show benefits such as reduced mortality risk, improvements in academics, and a small increased risk of hypertension. It is estimated that about 3 to 4% of adults and 5% of children in the UK have ADHD, which is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms such as impulsiveness and difficulty focusing. Doctors prescribe stimulant medications like methylphenidate, as well as non-stimulant drugs like atomoxetine and guanfacine. The study emphasizes the uncertainty about whether ADHD medications can lead to cardiovascular disease, and advises individuals with existing heart conditions to consult with a specialist before starting treatment. Most clinicians understand the cardiovascular risks and follow the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines, but there is a need for more detailed guidelines for scenarios when ADHD medication needs to be adjusted or stopped. New data shows that the number of prescriptions for ADHD medication has been rising each year since the pandemic, with the biggest increase observed in London.

Source: https://www.theguardian.com/society/2025/apr/06/adhd-medication-drugs-risks-benefits-children-study